Grammar Castle

Use "am" with I, "is" with he/she/it, and "are" with you/we/they.

Use pronouns to replace names: I, you, he, she, it, we, they.

Use "This is" for one person/thing, "These are" for more than one.

Use "have" with I/you/we/they, "has" with he/she/it.

Use adjectives before "is" or "are" to describe people.

Use "in" for inside, "on" for the top of something, "under" for below, and "next to" for beside.

Use "Where is…?" to ask the place of one thing. Answer with "It is…".

Use "Are you…?" to ask about someone. Answer "Yes, I am." or "No, I'm not."

Use "How do you feel?" to ask about feelings. Answer with "I feel…".

Use "is" to describe the colour of one thing (he/she/it).

Use "a" before consonant sounds and "an" before vowel sounds (a, e, i, o, u).

Use "this is" for one thing and "these are" for many things.

Use "a" before consonant sounds and "an" before vowel sounds (a, e, i, o, u).

Put the colour or describing word before the thing: a red car, a big ball.

Use "I have a…" to tell what you own. Use "It is…" to tell the colour.

Use a verb at the start to tell someone what to do: Draw a picture. Be careful.

Use "Let's" + a verb to suggest doing something together: Let's draw. Let's paint.

Use "on" with days, "in" with months/years, "at" with times.

Add "s" or "es" to the verb after he/she/it.

Use "in" before a month: in January, in December.

Use words like "first" and "last" to show order: January is the first month.

Use "When is…?" to ask the time of a festival. Answer with "It's in…".

Use the simple present to talk about what we do at festivals: We eat mooncakes. We give gifts.

Add -s to most nouns. Add -es after s, x, ch, sh.

Use "can" to show ability, "can't" to show inability.

Use "can" to show ability, "can't" to show inability.

Use "am/is/are + -ing" to say what is happening now.

Use "can" to show ability and "can't" to show inability: Dogs can run. Fish can't fly.

Use the simple present to talk about caring for pets: I feed my dog. I walk him.

Use "has" with he/she/it and "have" with I/you/we/they: The bird has wings. Dogs have fur.

Use "has got" to talk about what one animal owns: It has got a long tail.

Use "like" for things you enjoy, "don't like" for things you don't enjoy.

Use "a" before words starting with a consonant sound, "an" before a vowel sound.

Use "some" in positive sentences, "any" in negative and question sentences.

Use "There is" for one thing, "There are" for more than one.

Use "like" with I/you/we/they and "likes" with he/she/it: I like juice. Dad likes coffee.

Use "I like…" for things you enjoy and "I don't like…" for things you do not enjoy.

Use "I'd like…" to ask for something politely: I'd like a cake, please.

Use "Can I have…?" to ask for something politely. Answer "Yes, here you are."

Use "There is" for one thing, "There are" for more than one.

Use these prepositions to say where a place is.

Use "can" for things you are allowed to do, "can't" for things you must not do.

Use a verb at the start of the sentence to tell someone what to do.

Use "There is" for one thing and "There are" for many: There is a park. There are many shops.

Use "near" for close and "far" for not close: The shop is near. The bank is far.

Use "Don't" + a verb to tell someone not to do something: Don't run on the road.

Use "You should" + a verb to give advice: You should be careful.

Use "It is" + adjective to describe weather.

Use "I like / I don't like" + weather words to talk about your feelings.

Use simple present tense to talk about facts and habits in each season.

Use "in" + season or month to say when something happens.

Use "I wear" + a clothing word to tell what you put on: I wear a T-shirt.

Use "when it's…" to link clothes and weather: I wear shorts when it's hot.

Use "Let's" + a verb to suggest an activity: Let's fly a kite. Let's swim.

Use "It's" + a weather word to describe the day: It's sunny. It's rainy.

Use "a" before words starting with a consonant sound, and "an" before words starting with a vowel sound.

Add -s to make most vehicles plural. Some words stay the same.

Use "by" + transport to say how you travel. Use "walk" without "by".

Use always, usually, sometimes, never to say how often something happens. They go before the main verb.

Use "go by" + a vehicle to tell how you travel: I go by bus. We go by car.

Use "take" for public transport and "ride" for bikes: I take the ferry. I ride a bicycle.

Use "Where are you going?" to ask. Answer with "I'm going to…".

Use "I'm going to…" with the -ing form to tell where you are heading now.

Add "s" or "es" to verbs after he or she.

Use "a" before words starting with a consonant sound and "an" before a vowel sound.

Use "want to be" + a job to talk about future dreams. Ask "What do you want to be?"

Use "What does he/she do?" to ask about a job. Answer with "He/She is a/an ..."

Use "I want to be" + a job: I want to be a doctor.

Use "When I grow up, I will…" to talk about the future: When I grow up, I will be a teacher.

Use "with" + a tool to show how you do something: I write with a pen.

Use "uses" with he/she/it to tell what a person uses: A doctor uses a stethoscope.

After "like", use a verb + -ing to talk about activities you enjoy.

Use "play the" before an instrument like piano or guitar.

Use "can" to show what you are able to do, and "can't" for what you cannot do.

Use "play" before ball games like football, basketball and tennis. No "the".

Use "play the" before an instrument: I play the piano. She plays the guitar.

Use "I can" + verb for ability and "I like to" + verb for things you enjoy.

Use "Let's" + a verb to start a game: Let's play. Let's start.

Use "It's your turn" to tell someone it is their time to play. Use "take turns" to share.